Industry Contributors to GHG Emissions

.

Industry Contributors to Green House Gas Emissions

11 0f the top 30 contributors to green house gas emissions in Canada are mining and smelters. In order to reduce their levels of emissions a lot of money needs to be invested in developing technology and exploring new environmentally friendly methods of extraction and smelting. The good news in these resource based industries is that they should be able to match or come very close to attaining the 2015 emission standards that have been set with few direct job losses. The world demand for metals is very high which should help immensely.

8 0f the top 30 contributors to green house gas emissions in Canada are oil and gas producers and refineries. Due the ever increasing dependency on oil and gas in North America, millions of dollars are being invested into research and developement for new technology to reduce the environmental impact of the oil and gas industry.

Athabasca Oil Sands Deposit in northeastern Alberta, Canada.

Oil sand is composed of sand, bitumen, mineral rich clays and water. Bitumen, in its raw state, is a black, asphalt-like oil — as thick as molasses. It requires upgrading to make it transportable by pipeline and usable by conventional refineries. The upgraded bitumen product consists of naphtha, light and heavy gas oils that are combined to produce a light, sweet crude oil that we call Syncrude Sweet Blend.
The Athasbasca Oil Sands Deposit is, by itself, the largest petroleum resource in the world.

Carbon Sequestration

Syncrude and three of our owner companies are participating in the Integrated CO2 Network (ICON). The group is exploring the viability of developing a large scale Canadian carbon dioxide capture, transportation and storage network. Carbon sequestration is believed to be the single largest near-term opportunity to reduce greenhouse gas emissions stemming from power plants, oil and natural gas processing facilities and oil sands developments.

ICON, an undertaking of industry and the Alberta and Canadian governments, envisions a system whereby a portion of the captured CO2 would be used for enhanced oil recovery in the conventional crude oil industry, and the balance would be sequestered indefinitely in secure geological formations. It is estimated such an initiative could reduce atmospheric emissions of CO2 by up to 20 million tonnes, equal to removing four million cars from the road.

Mildred Lake and Aurora sites. Separating the bitumen from the sand is the primary objective of Extraction. Bitumen is extracted from the oil sand at both the Mildred Lake and Aurora sites. Oil sand, oil sand slurry from the North mine and Aurora froth are all processed at Mildred Lake facilities:

Copper Cliff Smelter Complex, Copper Cliff, ON. 5733, 30, Indalco Alloys Inc. Mississauga, ON. Vale Inco has been operating in Sudbury for more than 100 years. Located about 400 kilometres north of Toronto consist of six mines, a mill, a smelter and a refinery

Zalev Brothers Co. is a ferrous and nonferrous metals recycler with operations in Windsor, Ontario. The company is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Ferrous Processing & Trading, one of the largest scrap processors in North America. It collects, processes and supplies recycled ferrous and nonferrous metals to the North American steel and Automotive industries.

Kitimat Works, Alcan Primary Metal BC an aluminum smelter located alongside a deep-water port immediately south of the community of Kitimat. It has an annual rated production capacity of 275,000 tonnes of value-added primary aluminum products that are shipped to numerous Pacific Rim markets. The smelter uses hydroelectricity generated at Alcan B.C.’s Kemano power station, which is powered by the waters of the Nechako Reservoir located further to the east. Three proposed Alcan expansion projects have been stopped or put on hold. Alcan employs about 1,600 people today. In 1974, its work force peaked at 2,730.

Aluminerie Alouette, At Sept-Îles, located on the St. Lawrence River in Quebec’s North Shore region, a world-class consortium, an independently operated company that produces primary aluminum. With more than 900 employees and an annual production capacity of over 550,000 tons, it is the largest employer in Sept-Îles and the leading aluminum smelter in the Americas.

Rainbow Lake Processing Plant Husky Oil operates a large natural gas plant near Rainbow Lake Alberta located 918 km Northwest of Edmonton, and 138 km West of High Level on Highway 58. and co-owns/operates a co-generation facility with Atco Power. The estimated regional production volumes for 2002 included 11.8 million barrels of oil. This accounted for 5.1 percent of oil production in Alberta.

West Stoddart Gas Processing Plant, North American Natural Gas – Petro Canada NE BC, maintains four core natural gas areas in Western Canada and are one of Canada's largest producers of natural gas. Utilize own infrastructure to transport the product to common carrier pipeline systems which further transports the product throughout North America. Own and operate approximately 80% of our natural gas assets in Canada.

Brazeau River Gas Plant, KEYERA Energy Ltd. Located approximately 170 kilometers (105 miles) southwest of Edmonton, Alberta. has the capacity and flexibility to process a range of sour gas streams with varying levels of NGL content. Its process includes inlet compression, sour gas sweetening, dehydration, NGL recovery, and acid gas injection. Sales gas is delivered to the TCPL pipeline system and the propane/butane mix is trucked from the plant site to fractionation facilities. Condensate is shipped via the Pembina pipeline lateral directly from the plant

Aluminerie de Baie-Comeau, Alcoa Ltd aluminum smelter in Baie-Comeau, Quebec company recently announced an investment of $1.2 billion to ensure the modernization of its aluminum smelter.

Falconbridge Limited and Noranda, CVRD Inco and Xstrata Nickel Sudbury Ontario, eighth largest copper producer in the world. Operations include long-life, low-cost mines and technologically advanced processing facilities primarily located in North and South America. committed to the issue of climate change and energy use by establishing an energy intensity improvement target of 1% per year at all operations between 2000 and 2010.
.

Suncor Energy Inc. Oil Sands Near Fort McMurray, Alberta, extracts and upgrades oil sands into high-quality refinery-ready crude oil products and diesel fuel. Pioneered commercial development of the oil sands and has grown to become a major North American energy producer and marketer with close to 6,500 employees. Suncor's vision is to more than double oil sands production to over half a million barrels per day in the next decade.
Photo Oil Sands, arial, overview, plant site, Fort McMurray, Alberta

Stelco Hamilton based in Hamilton, Ontario, part of United States Steel Corporation and has been renamed U. S. Steel Canada with combined steelmaking operations making Stelco the fifth largest steelmaker in the world employing approximately 2200 people at the 445-hectare production complex at the western end of Lake Ontario, producing 2 million tons of semi-finished steel annually

Sarnia Refinery Plant, Imperial Oil Southwestern Ontario, in the city of Sarnia is the most integrated fuels, lubricating oil and chemicals manufacturing and petroleum research facility in Canada. Has invested more than $300 million in its Sarnia and Nanticoke refineries to produce low-sulphur gasoline. Imperial's chemical division is one of Canada's largest producers of petrochemicals. Employs approximately 1030 workers.

Usine Laterriere (Rio Tinto Alcan) is a global supplier of bauxite, alumina and primary billet and ingot aluminium metal to domestic and export markets. It also produces specialty aluminas for advanced ceramics and fire retardants, anodes and technology solutions for aluminium smelting and a range of engineered aluminium products for the aerospace, mass transportation, automotive, marine, building construction and display, electricity transmission, wind-power generation, recreation and leisure industries.

Wembley Gas Plant ConocoPhillips, Wembley, Alberta 20 km west of Grande Prairie, one of the country’s largest oil and natural gas production and exploration companies. Headquartered in Calgary a top three producer of natural gas in the country

.